Speed-controlling mechanism



APPLICATION FILED IUNE 5,1918.

Patented June 29, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1. WW A NN. m N Nfi\ N Q: ,n\ MW W Ann M %%J N N w N. mm i. 7 T N i N M N MN x k mm Q1 MM E QMN 0W L. M. SHAW. SPEED CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5,1918 1,344,726.

Patented June 29, 1920. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2. v

L. M. SHAW.

SPEED CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

JUNE 5, 1918.

Patented June 29, 1920.

, 4SH EETS SHEET 3.

L. M. SHAW.

uuuuuuuuuuuuuuu e MECHANISM.

LICATION FILED JUNE 51 I918 APP , 1,344,726. PatentedJune 29,1920.

4 EEEEEEEEEEEE 4- UNITED STATES" PATENT OFFICE.

LEVI M. SHAW, OF GLENGOE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HARRY C. J OI-INSON, 0F

GLENCOE, ILLINOIS.

SPEED-CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

Specifica i n f Le Patent Patented June 29, 1920.

Application filed June 5, 1918. Serial No. 238,290.

To all cola/0m it may concern:

Be it known that I, Lnvr M. SHAW, a

citizen of the United States, residing at (ilencoe, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed-Controlling Mechanisms, of which the following is a specification.

The mechanism of the present invention is based upon the same general character of operation as the construction shown and described in my Patent No. 1,250,679, granted December 18, 1917, for speed controlling mechanism, the present invention relating to certain improvements andsimplifications of the (OllStl'lkit-lOll shown in said patent.

The objects of the invention are to provide a hydraulic transi'nission from the drive to the driven shafts, and by means of i'ertain mechanism to control the ratio of speed transmitted from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.

A further object of the invention is to provide certain rotatable abutments which when moved will constitute a throttling means for the passage of fluid, and by varying the position of the abutmcnts, the degree of throttling can be varied, and thus the degree of speed transmitted from the drive to the driven shaft varied.

A further-object of the invention is to provide a cam member which will control the movements of these abutments, and which cam member will be of a shiftable i'iature and when moved from one position to another will vary the degree of moven'icnt of the abutments, which latter degree of movement will effect the ratio trai'ismitted.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for injecting additional transmission fluid into the device when desired. j

The invention further consists in the fea tures of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

in the drawings;

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1,

looking in the direction of the arrows, with the cam drawn back;

F 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, with the abutments retracted;

of speed Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but with the cam in a different position;

Fig. 5 1s a V1G\V similar to Fig. 3, but

showing the position of the abutments when the cam is moved into the position of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is an elevation showing one of the abutments and the cross shaft and links which rock it;

Fig. 7 is a detail perspective of one of the abutments and a cross link; F g. 8 is an elevation of the cam member; F 1g. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 8, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 10 is a section on line 1010 of Fig. 8, Cllooking in the direction of the arrows; an Fig. 11 is a section on line 1111 of Fig. 8, looking in the direction of the arrows. 7 Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to Fig. 1, the device is shown as applied to a' drive shaft 12 and a driven shaft 13,,the drive shaft being operated from any suitable source of power and the driven shaft 13 connecting to any suitable driven mechanism. Attached to the driven shaft 13 is a casing 14;, the method ofattachment as shown being a key 15, joining a neck 16 of said casing to the driven shaft 13. The casing consists of a front plate 17, to which the neck 16 is joined, which plate is secured by bolts 18, or otherwise, to a chambered member 19 formed with an interior chamber 20 (see Figs. 3 and 5), which is filled 1with oil or other suitable speed transmitting i uid.

lying within thechamber 20 is a head or piston 21, which is secured by a key 22, or otherwise, to the drive shaft 12. As will be understood from Figs; 3 and 5, this piston is eccentrically disposed with respect to the drive shaft and with respect to the walls of wall 24 and in the plate 17 are a series of abutments 25. Each abutment is in the form-of a roller, a portion thereof being cut away to provide 'a slightly arcuateshaped abutment face 26 (see F igs'. 3, 5 and 7.) The outer portions 27 of the abutment are circular in formation (see Fig. 7) and are mounted within recesses 28 in the walls 14 and 24:. The abutment thus has a pivotal mounting and operates with a turning movement. The face 26, as stated, is of a slight arcuate formation, being formed on the same radius as the radius of the walls of the inner chamber 20, whereby when the abutment is turned into the position shown in Fig. 3, the face 26 will aline with the wall of the chamber 20 and give a continuous circular formation to said wall. In the construction shown, there are three of these abutments, although this number may be varied as desired, and inasmuch as they are all similar in construction and arrangement, as well as in the principle of operation, a detailed description of but one will be entered into.

Extending from the abutment is. a stem 29, which has a bearing in the wall 2 1 and in a rear wall 30. Connected to the stem 29 are links 31, said links being attached to an idle shaft 32, upon which is mounted a roller 33 formed with a tapering end portion 34. This roller revolves freely upon the shaft 32, but is held against longitudinal movement thereon by one of the links 31 and a collar 35. A spring'35 (see Fig. 6) is provided, which engages the stem 29 and shaft 32, and exerts a pressure tending to normally hold the roller in engagement with the surface of the cam. The rollers are in a position to be engaged by'the surface of the cam member 36, the construction of which is best shown in Figs. 8. to 11 inclusive. This cam member is formed with, or attached to, a sleeve 37, which is splined by a key 38, or otherwise connected, to the drive shaft 12, so that it is permitted a sliding movement longitudinallyof said shaft, but is rotatable in unison with said shaft. The sleeve may be moved back and forth by means of a suitable lever 39. Packing glands 40 are provided to prevent leakage of oil around the sleeve.

The cam consists of three portions: an inner portion 41, which comprises the rear of the small portion of the eccentric surface of the cam; an intermediate portion 12, which gradually increases in diameter from the portion 4C1 to the termination thereof, and which is eccentric throughout its length with respect to the sleeve 37; and an outer portion 13, which comprises the outer portion of the cam and is concentric, or substantially so, to the sleeve 37.

As stated, this cam is movable with the sleeve 37 and, therefore, slides back and forth beneath the rollers 33 as the lever 39 is operated to bring the desired portion ment is concerned, because of the fact that the rollers are resting upon a concentric portion of the cam and would not be given a rising and falling movement as the cam is rotated. The rollers would also be at their outermost position from the center of the drive shaft, as will be understood from Fig. 2. The links would be in such position as to have rocked the stems 29 and moved the abutments into the position shown in Fig. 3, wherein, as will be seen, they do not project at all into the channel orpassage 23. As' the cam revolves, there being no rising and falling movement imparted to the rollers. the links 31 would remain stationary; no rocking movement would be imparted to the stem 29; and hence the abutments would remain at all times in the position of Fig. 3.

Under such conditions the driven shaft would be at rest, since the liquid within the channel 23 would not be impeded in its movements, and hence would offer no resistance and would impart no movement from the drive to the driven shaft.

Assume now that the cam is moved from the position illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 into the position shown in Figs. 4 and 5, wherein the rollers are resting at a predetermined place in the intermediate portions of the cam. This portion of the cam, as stated, is eccentric to the sleeve 37 and hence as the cam revolves, a high part, designated by the numeral er in Fig. 1, will come gradually into engagement successively with each of the rollers and will gradually move the rollers successively outward from the center of the drive shaft. Suchoutward movement will impart a swinging movement to the link 31, causinga rotation of the stem 29 and a rockiugof the abutment 25. As the abutment is rocked, it is moved so that a portion thereof projects into the liquid passage as shown in Fig. 5, and thus projecting,

it offers a resistance to the forward flow of liquid through the passage given to it by the rotation of the piston 21. Such resistance causes a pressure to be exerted'on the projecting portion-of the abutments, acting to transmit a movement from the piston 21 to the chambered member 19, and through the chambered member to the driven shaft 13. It is obvious that the farther the abutments project into the passage, the greater will be the resistance they offer to the forward travel of the liquid; a correspondingly greater pressure will be exerted on the mo jecting portions of the abutments; and the speed transmitted from the drive to the "driven shaft will be of a ratio in accordance with this resistance to the flow of the liquid within the channel and the pressure on the abutments.

Both the cam 36 and the piston 21 are attached to the drive shaft 12 and hence revolve in unison, and the cam is so arranged that as the high part 45 of the piston approaches one of the abutments, the abutment will correspondingly start to recede from the channel. As the high part of the cam recedes from the abutment, the abutment will correspondingly gradually move into the channel, so that as the high part of the piston travels within the interior of the chambered member, the area of the passage at the points of the abutments will vary accordingly as the high portions of the piston approach and recede therefrom. The amount of projection of the abutment will vary directly in accordance with the decrease or increase in the area of the passage, and thus the aggregate amount-of resistance offered by the abutments to the passage of liquid in the channel will be uniform.

Take the position of the abutments in Fig. 5, the abutment designated by the numeral 46 is receding from the channel since the high part of the piston is approaching it. There is thus a relatively small space existing at that time between the outer periphery of the piston and the edge of the abutment, and as the area of the passage is small at that point, the amount of clearance will be a certain portion of the area of the channel. In the case of the abutment designated by the numeral 47, the low part of the piston is opposite this abutment and hence it projects farther into the passage than does the abutment 4:6. The area of the passage at the abutment 47 is greater than the area at the abutment as; The amount of clearance between the edge of the abutment 47 and the periphery of the piston is proportionately greater than that of the abutment 46, but this clearance bears the same relation to the area of the passage as does the clearance of the abutment 46. In the case of the abutment 48, the high part of the cam has just passed by the stem and hence it is substantially entirely retracted.

It will thus be understood that the abutments, moving in and out as'they do in accordance with the rotation of the piston, afford an aggregate resistance to the for ward travel of the liquid in the passage, which gives a certain speed ratio between the drive and driven parts. The farther the cam is moved inward, the greater distance the abutments-are projected into the passage, the greater is their resistance to the flow of liquid in the passage, and the greater is the pressure exerted against them, and hence the closer the ratio of the drive and driven shafts approaches to a direct drive.

In case a direct, drive is desired, the cam is moved so that the rollers 33 are positioned opposite the inner portion 41 of the cam. The first of the rollers 33 which comes in contact with the bevel on the portionel of the cam (see Fig. 1) will drop down slightly. This will cause the abutment associated with said roller tomove into a position whereby the projecting portion thereof will engage a notch 49 in the piston and an interlocking connection is thus established between the piston and the chambered member 19, and hence a direct drive procured between the drive and driven shafts.

It may be necessary to inject additional transmission liquid into the chamber 23. For this purpose a groove 50 is formed in one face of the piston 21. A communicating passage 51 extends from this groove to the outer edge of the piston (see Figs. 3 and .A passage 52 is formed in the wall 24 (see Fig. 1), the end 53 of which passage communicates with the groove 50. Communicating with'the passage 52 is a duct 54 in a connecting member 55. This connecting member is joined to a cylinder 56, in which is located a pump piston 57. Oil may be placed within the cylinder 56 through an opening 58. Then, upon actuation of the pump piston 57, the oil is forced through the ducts 54, the passages 52 and 53, to the groove 50, then through the passage 51 to the chamber. As shown, a check valve 59 is employed to keep the oil from flowing back from the chamber into the piston 56.

As shown in the drawings, a casing 60 is joined to the walls 24 and 30 to form a connection therebetween and to constitute a closure for the cam and other parts lying between said walls. Although the device as shown has been described with particularity, changes therein are contemplated, provided the structure is maintained within the terms. of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a speed controlling mechanism,the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member connected to the driven shaft, a piston connected to thedrive shaft and revolving ecc-entrically withinthe interior of the chambered member to provide a passage between the periphery ofthe piston and the inner wall of the chambered member, ,a transmission liquid within the chambered member and given a forward movement in said passage by the rotation of the piston, an abutment having an arcuateshaped face to conform with the curvature of the inner surface of said chambered member -under certain conditions, rotatably mounted in the walls of the chambered member and adapted to have a portion thereof projected into and out of said passage to form a resistance to the flow of liquid through said passage, means for moving said abutment whereby it recedesfrom the passage in accordance as the high part of the'piston approaches the abutment and is projected into the passage in accordance as the high part of the piston recedes therefrom, and means for regulating the abutment moving means to vary the maximum projection of the abutment into the passage, substantially as described.

2. In a speed controlling mechanism, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member connected to the driven shaft, a piston connectedto'the drive shaft and revolving eccentrically within the interior of the chambered member to provide a passage between the periphery of the piston and the inner wall of the chambered member, a transmission liquid within the chambered member and given a forward movement in said passage by rotation of the piston, an abutment in the form of a roller mounted in the walls of the chambered memher, said roller being partially cut away to form an abutment surface which under certain conditions conforms to a given portion of the chambered member, means for turn ing said roller to move said abutment surface into and out of said passage, and said roller actuating means actuating said abutment surface whereby it recedes from the passage in accordance as the high part of the piston approaches the abutment and is projected into thepassage in accordance as the high part of the piston recedes therefrom, and means for regulating the roller actuating means to vary the maximum projection of the abutment surface into the passage, substantially as described.

3. In a speed controlling mechanism, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member connected to the driven shaft, a piston connected to the drive shaft and revolving eccentrically within the interior of the chambered member to provide a passage between the periphery of the piston and the inner wall of the chambered member, a transmission liquid within the chambered member and given a forward movement in said passage by rotation of the piston, an abutment in the form of a roller mounted in the walls of the chambered member, said roller being partially cut away to form an abutment surface, means for turn ing said roller to move said abutment surface into and out of said passage, and said roller ctuating means actuating said abutment surface whereby it recedes from the passage in accordance as the high part of the piston approaches the abutment and is projected into the passage in accordance as the high part of the piston recedes therefrom, said cut-away portion of said roller being formed with an arcuate-shaped face adapted to register with the inner walls of said passage, substantially as described.

4. In a speed controlling mechanism, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member connected to the driven shaft, a piston connected to the drive shaft and revolving eccentrically within the interior of the chambered member to provide a passage between the periphery of the piston and the inner wall of the chambered member, a transmission liquid within the cham bered member and given a forward move ment in said passage by the rotation of the piston, an abutment rotatably mounted in the walls of the chambered member under certain conditions conforming in shape to all mechanically associated parts thereof and adapted to have a portion thereof projected into and out of said passage to form a resistance to the How of liquid through said passage, means for moving said abutment whereby it recedes from the passage in accordance as the high part of the piston approaches the abutment and is projected into the passage in accordance as the high part of the piston recedes therefrom, a cam connected to the drive shaft and movable longitudinally thereon, said :am actuating said abutment.moving means, and said cam when shifted imparting a different degree of movement to said abutment moving means whereby the amount of projection of said abutments into the passage is regulated, substantially as described.

5. In a speed controlling mechanism, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member connected to the driven shaft, apiston connected to the drive shaft and revoiving eccentrically within the interior of thechambered member to provide a passage between the periphery of the piston and the inner wall of the chambered member, a transmission liquid within the chambered member and given a IfOlWzU'tl movement in said passage by the rotation .of the piston, an abutment rotatably mounted in the walls of the chambered member, a stem extending from said abutment, a link connected to said stem, a stub shaft connected to the opposite end of said link, a roller on the stub shaft, a cam rotatable with the drive shaft and movable longitudinally thereof, said roller engaging with the surface of said cam and moved inwardly and outwardly from the center of rotation of the cam by the movements of the latter, and said cam when shifted imparting a dif ferentdegree of outward and inward movement to said roller, whereby the abutment is projected a different distance into the said passage, substantially as described.

6. In a speed controlling mechanism, the

combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member connected to the driven shaft, a grooved piston member connected to the drive shaft and rotatable within the chambered member, the periphery of the piston and the walls of the chamber cooperating to form a passage, a transmission liquid within the passage and given a forward movement therein by the rotative action of the piston, abutment means carried by the chambered member and adapted to be projected into the passage to offer a resistance to the flow of liquid therethrough, and pump mechanism for injecting liquid into said chamber through the groove in said piston, substantially as described.

7. In a speed controlling mechanism, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft,

a chambered member connected to the driven: shaft, a piston member connected to the drive shaft and rotatable within the chambered member, the periphery of the piston and the walls of the chamber cooperating to form a passage, a transmission liquid Within the passage and given a forward movement therein by the rotative action of the piston, abutment means carried by the chambered member and adapted to be projected into the passage to offer a resistance to the flow of liquid therethrough, said piston havinga groove formed in one face thereof, a channel leading from said groove to the passage within the chambered member, an oil pump, and a conduit extending from said pump to said groove whereby oil may be injected into said chambered member by actuation of said pump, substantially as described.

8. In a speed controlling mechanism, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a chambered member secured to one of said shafts, a piston member eccentrically secured to the other of said shafts, said piston revolving in said chambered member and providing a passageway between the periphery of the piston and the Walls of said chamber, a transmission liquid in the chamber given a movement in the passage by movement of the member carried by the drive shaft, a rotatable abutment 111 said chambered member, said abutment having a curved face which under certain conditions I conforms to the inner wall of said chambered member, means for moving said abutment to project a portion thereof variable distances into the passageway, said abutment when so projected oifering a contact ing surface for the liquid in said passage and controlling the fioW thereof through said passage to impart movement from the drive shaft to the driven shaft, substantially as described.

LEVI M. SHAW. 

